A three phase motor may be run from a single phase power source. (Figure below) However, it will not self-start. It may be hand started in either direction, coming up to speed in a few seconds. It will only develop 2/3 of the 3-φ power rating because one winding is not used.
The single coil of a single phase induction...
Single-Phase Induction Motors
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3-φmotor runs from 1-φ power, but does not start.
The single coil of a single phase induction...
Single-Phase Induction Motors